HomeOption AcademyBearish › Put Ratio Backspread
Bearish

Put Ratio Backspread Calculator

By Dennis Bosmans · Updated June 2026 · 2 min read · Risk disclaimer

A put backspread sells one put and buys two lower puts. It profits from a sharp decline with large downside payoff, often costs little or nothing, and has limited, defined risk if the stock holds steady.

Open the Put Ratio Backspread calculator →

Key characteristics

When to use a put backspread

Use it when you expect a sharp drop — around an earnings miss or macro risk — but want to lose little if the stock holds. It is a long-volatility, bearish trade.

Like the call version, it is best opened for a credit so a flat-to-up stock simply leaves you with that credit.

How the payoff works

Above the short strike everything expires worthless and you keep any credit. The worst case is the stock finishing at the long strike, where the single short put is in the money but the long puts have little value — the defined maximum loss.

Below the long strike the two long puts outrun the short put, so profit grows steeply as the stock falls toward zero.

Worked example. Stock at $100. Sell the $100 put for $3.00 and buy two $95 puts for $1.40 each — a $0.20 credit. A flat-to-up stock keeps $20. The worst case is around $95 (a defined loss); a drop well below $90 produces large gains.

Calculate it live

Use the free OptionProfit Put Ratio Backspread calculator to load a live option chain, build the trade, and instantly see the payoff chart, breakevens, probability of profit, Greeks and a Monte Carlo simulation of outcomes.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

When does a put backspread make money?

On a sharp decline: the two long puts more than offset the short put, so profit grows steeply below the long strike. A flat-to-up stock leaves you keeping any credit.

What is the maximum loss on a put backspread?

Limited — it occurs if the stock finishes at the long strike, where the short put is in the money but the long puts are nearly worthless.

Is a put backspread the same as a long put?

No — the short put lowers the cost (often to a credit) and creates a defined loss zone near the long strike, in exchange for needing a bigger move to profit.

Related guides:
Call vs Put OptionsImplied Volatility ExplainedTrading Options Around Earnings
More strategies (Option Academy):
Long CallLong PutCovered CallCash Secured PutNaked PutBull Call SpreadBear Put SpreadBull Put Credit SpreadBear Call Credit SpreadIron CondorLong Call ButterflyLong StraddleLong StrangleCollarCall Calendar SpreadNaked CallCall Diagonal SpreadPut Calendar SpreadJade LizardBroken Wing ButterflyCall Ratio SpreadPut Ratio SpreadCall Ratio BackspreadSynthetic Long StockStrapStrip

Educational use only. Quotes are delayed ~15 minutes and nothing here is financial advice. Options trading involves substantial risk of loss. Privacy Policy · Terms & Conditions.